Biological Individual
This note is about the notion of biological individuals and related concepts including Agency and Process Ontology.
Species
There are many concepts of species, some 22 in 1997.
Some argue that one should be better than others.
Mayden, Richard L. ‘A Hierarchy of Species Concepts: The Denouement in the Saga of the Species Problem’. In Species: The Units of Biodiversity, edited by Michael F. Claridge, Hassan A. Dawah, and Michael R. Wilson, 381–423. London: Chapman & Hall, 1997.
Other accept the plurality of understandings.
Ereshefsky, Marc. ‘Eliminative Pluralism’. Philosophy of Science 59, no. 4 (1992): 671–90. https://doi.org/10/bsmvcn.
Dupré, John. ‘On the Impossibility of a Monistic Account of Species’. In Species: New Interdisciplinary Essays, edited by Robert A. Wilson, 3–20. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1999.
Organisms
Baedke, Jan, and Alejandro Fábregas-Tejeda. ‘The Organism in Evolutionary Explanation: From Early Twentieth Century to the Extended Evolutionary Synthesis’. In Evolutionary Biology: Contemporary and Historical Reflections Upon Core Theory, edited by Thomas E. Dickins and Benjamin J.A. Dickins, 121–50. Cham: Springer, 2023.
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